导语

  

内容提要

  

    本书是专门为理工科相关专业的国际留学生编写的大学物理实验英文教材。该书以注重基础、训练能力、培养创新为宗旨，以基础—综合—提高为主线，以现有实验条件为依托，将教师的部分研究成果和部分现代实验技术融入教材，构成涵盖了力学、热学、电磁学、光学及近代物理等领域的内容体系，以层次化、递进式的编排思路，在误差理论和数据处理方法基础上，实验项目按基础与综合性实验、设计与创意性实验两大框架顺序展开。
    全书共分三部分。第一部分是误差理论和数据处理方法；第二部分为基础性和综合性实验，共19个实验项目；第三部分为设计性和创意性实验，共12个实验项目。
    本书可作为高等学校非物理专业理工科国际留学生的大学物理实验课程教材，也可作为双语教学的教材，同时亦可作为相关专业技术人员和其他人员的参考书。

Part I  Theory of Errors and Data Processing Methods
  1 Measurement and Error
  2 Estimation of Measurement Error and Expression of the Result
  3 Error Estimation for Direct Measurement
  4 Error Estimation for Indirect Measurement
  5 Significant Figures and Their Calculations
  6 Commonly Used Data Processing Methods
  7 Questions
Part II  Fundamental and Comprehensive Experiments
  Exp. 1 Forward Characteristics of pn Junction Diode
    1.1  Objective
    1.2  Apparatus
    1.3  Principle
      1.3.1  pn junction
      1.3.2  Forward characteristics of a pn junction
      1.3.3  Temperature characteristics of a pn junction
      1.3.4  Methods for deducing empirical function and calculating parameters of the temperature sensor
    1.4  Apparatus depiction
    1.5  Procedure
    1.6  Data processing
      1.6.1  Data processing based on the data in Tab. 1
      1.6.2  Data processing based on the data in Tab. 1
    1.7  Attentions
    1.8  Questions
  Exp. 2 Magnetoresistance Effect
    2.1  Objective
    2.2  Apparatus
    2.3  Principle
    2.4  Apparatus depiction
    2.5  Procedure
    2.6  Data processing
    2.7  Attentions
    2.8  Questions
  Exp. 3 Study of Forced Oscillations with Pohl Resonator
    3.1  Objective
    3.2  Apparatus
    3.3  Principle
    3.4  Apparatus depiction
    3.5  Procedure
      3.5.1  Free oscillations
      3.5.2  Damped oscillations
      3.5.3  Forced oscillations
    3.6  Data processing
    3.7  Attentions
    3.8  Questions
  Exp. 4 Thermal Conductivity Measurement of a Rubber Disk by Steady-State Method
    4.1  Objective
    4.2  Apparatus
    4.3  Principle
      4.3.1  Thermal conductivity
      4.3.2  Thermal conductivities of different substances
      4.3.3  Principle of thermocouples
      4.3.4  Principle of TC-3A thermal conductivity measurement instrument
    4.4  Procedure
      4.4.1  Preparation
      4.4.2  Record the thermal equilibrium temperatures and
      4.4.3  Measure the cooling temperature versus time for the lower brass disk
    4.5  Data processing
    4.6  Attentions
    4.7  Questions
  Exp. 5 Usage of an Oscilloscope
    5.1  Objective
    5.2  Apparatus
    5.3  Principle
      5.3.1  Main structure of an oscilloscope
      5.3.2  Operation principle of an oscilloscope
      5.3.3  Measurement of the amplitude and period (or frequency) of a periodic voltage
      5.3.4  Lissajous figures
    5.4  Procedure
      5.4.1  Observation of sinusoidal voltage signals
      5.4.2  Observe the waveform of signals from the rectifying and filtering circuit
      5.4.3  Observe Lissajous figures
    5.5  Attentions
    5.6  Questions
  Exp. 6 Measurement of Magnetic Field Based on Hall Effect
    6.1  Objective
    6.2  Apparatus
    6.3  Principle
      6.3.1  Hall effect and the measurement of magnetic induction intensity
      6.3.2  Elimination of side effects
      6.3.3  Theoretical basis of magnetic field generation by electrified solenoids and Helmholtz coils
    6.4  Apparatus depiction
    6.5  Procedure
    6.6  Data processing
    6.7  Questions
  Exp. 7 Determination of Moment of Inertia of Rigid Bodies
    7.1  Objective
    7.2  Apparatus
    7.3  Principle
      7.3.1  Apparatus depiction
      7.3.2  Principle for measuring the moment of inertia
      7.3.3  Parallel-axis theorem
    7.4  Procedure
      7.4.1  Preparation
      7.4.2  Measure the moment of inertia J0 of the empty rotational system
      7.4.3  Measure the moment of inertia of the rotational system with an aluminum ring
      7.4.4  Validation of the parallel-axis theorem
    7.5  Data processing
      7.5.1  Calculation of the moment of inertia of the aluminum ring
      7.5.2  Verification of the parallel-axis theorem
    7.6  Attentions
    7.7  Questions
  Exp. 8 Standing Wave on a String
    8.1  Objective
    8.2  Apparatus
    8.3  Principle
      8.3.1  Mathematical analysis of standing wave on a string
      8.3.2  Principle of the instrument for string vibration
      8.3.3  Application in musical instruments
    8.4  Procedure
      8.4.1  Preparation
      8.4.2  Measure the resonant frequencies with 2 antinodes between two wedges
      8.4.3  Measure the resonant frequencies with 3 antinodes between two wedges
    8.5  Data processing
    8.6  Attentions
    8.7  Questions
  Exp. 9 Diffraction Grating
    9.1  Objective
    9.2  Apparatus
    9.3  Principle
      9.3.1  Grating equation
      9.3.2  Two important parameters
    9.4  Procedure
      9.4.1  Adjustment of spectrometer
      9.4.2  Adjustment of the orientation of grating
      9.4.3  Measure the grating constant
      9.4.4  Measure the wavelength of blue spectral lines
    9.5  Data processing
    9.6  Attentions
    9.7  Questions
  Appendix: spectrometer alignment procedure
……
Part III  Designing and Creative Experiments